Current World Environment

Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentration in Edaphodon kawai Fish of River Yamuna, Uttar Pradesh

Poonam Verma , Shalini Yadav , Dhirendra Yadav and Vinod Kumar ^*

¹ Department of Chemistry, Agra College, Dr. B.R.A. University, Agra, Uttar Pradesh India

Corresponding author Email: vinodkchem@gmail.com

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.20.3.20

Abstract

The levels of eight heavy metals zinc, iron, nickel, chromium, copper, manganese, cadmium, and lead, were determined in the fish samples collected from four selected study sites along the Yamuna River in Uttar Pradesh—Mathura, Agra, Firozabad, and Etawah. Sampling was conducted across two seasons i.e. before and after monsoon, from June to December 2023. Concentrations of heavy metals were recorded at all four sampling sites. These metals enter the environment in different ways, like industrial activities, increased population growth, technological progress, etc. The results indicate that the toxicity of heavy metals (HMs) in fish of the Yamuna River is greater than the permissible limit of drinking water, as declared by BIS and WHO. Despite the fish being contaminated, people are used to eating it on a regular basis. The finding raises significant public health concerns, as the eating tainted fish may lead to serious health issues over time. It is crucial for authorities to raise awareness and implement measures to mitigate the pollution levels in the river and protect the health of the community. Furthermore, it is essential to train farmers in pollution mitigation practices, encouraging the judicious use of pesticides to minimize wastewater leaching and promoting cultivation in areas away from industrial zones and other contaminations prone regions.

Keywords

Fish; Heavy Metals; Toxicity; Seasonal variations; Yamuna River

Copy the following to cite this article:

Verma P, Yadav S, Yadav D, Kumar V. Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentration in Edaphodon kawai Fish of River Yamuna, Uttar Pradesh. Curr World Environ 2025;20(3). DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.20.3.20

Copy the following to cite this URL:

Verma P, Yadav S, Yadav D, Kumar V. Seasonal Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentration in Edaphodon kawai Fish of River Yamuna, Uttar Pradesh. Curr World Environ 2025;20(3).

[ HTML Full Text ]