Current World Environment

Evaluating the Effects of Urbanization on Surface Water Quality in Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka, India.

Yogesha Doora Shivanna¹ ^* , Umesh Chandra² and Sandeep Nayak³

¹ Department of Civil Engineering, Mysore College of Engineering and Management, Mysore, Karnataka India

² Department of Civil Engineering, Alva's Institute of Engineering and Technology, Moodbidri, Mangaluru, Karnataka India

³ Department of Civil Engineering, Maharaja Institute of Technology, Thandavapura, Mysuru, Karnataka India

Corresponding author Email: yogeshads1987@gmail.com

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.20.2.27

Abstract

The transfer of residents from rural areas to cities, the resulting decline in rural populations, and the ways in which communities adapt to these changes are taken into consideration of urbanization. Surface water quality and quantity are also impacted by increasing urbanization. The biological, physical, and chemical characteristics of water are commonly used to assess its quality. The major objective of this study is to ascertain how urbanization impacted the surface water's physicochemical properties in Mangalore—the Gurupura and Netravati rivers—which are used for drinking. To determine whether the surface water characteristics of the Netravati and Gurupura rivers in the Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka, are suitable for household and drinking use in the city of Mangalore, a thorough monitoring program was conducted. The monitoring took place in before-monsoon, after the-monsoon, monsoon seasons of 2018 and 2019. Eighty-four surface water samples from the Gurupura and Netravati rivers were analyzed for a number of physicochemical factors. Majority of the metrics are within the WHO and BIS allowed ranges after the monsoon season, because of the increase in fresh rainwater during and after the monsoon. The Weighted Arithmetic Index (WAI) method was applied to categorize the quality of surface water. According to this method, Five categories are utilized to classify surface water quality, Such as: Excellent (0 to 25), Good (26 to 50), Bad (51 to 75), Very Poor (76 to 100), and Unfit for Consumption (more than 100). Considering the outcomes of the Weighted Arithmetic Index (WAI) method, samples of surface water collected during the monsoon season are of good quality.

Keywords

Mangalore City; Physical and Chemical Characteristics; Surface Water Resources; Urbanization; Water Quality

Copy the following to cite this article:

Shivanna Y. D, Chandra U, Nayak S. Evaluating the Effects of Urbanization on Surface Water Quality in Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka, India. Curr World Environ 2025;20(2). DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.20.2.27

Copy the following to cite this URL:

Shivanna Y. D, Chandra U, Nayak S. Evaluating the Effects of Urbanization on Surface Water Quality in Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka, India. Curr World Environ 2025;20(2).

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