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Trends and Drivers of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in India: A Decadal Analysis (2010-2020)

Amal Philip1 * and Nirupama Elzabath Kuriakose2

1 Department of Economics, Deva Matha College Kuravilangad, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala India

2 Department of Political Science, Alphonsa College Pala, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala India

Corresponding author Email: amalphilip678@gmail.com

This paper analyses trends and determinants of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in India in 2010-2020, the decade with some of the fastest economic growth rates and the increased awareness of environmental issues. The research pays attention to India, the world's third-largest emitter of GHG, which will be analysed regarding emissions in four sectors: energy, industry, agriculture, and waste management. A time series analysis of data drawn from national and international agencies, such as the World Bank and India's Ministry of Environment, Forestry, and Climate Change, was applied in this study. Statistical analysis and data visualisation were performed using the R software. The key findings show an increase of 42% in the total emissions of GHG over the last decade, with the energy sector dominating at 68% in 2020. Other significant contributors were industry (20%), agriculture (9%), and waste (3%). Growth in population, along with accompanying urbanisation and industrial expansion, is cited as the main factor responsible for emission rise. However, there are also indications of decoupling between growth in the economy and emissions intensity. The study analyzes the greenhouse gas emission trends for major emitters between 2010 and 2020, in India. The dynamic panel data model analyses indicate signs of decoupling of emissions from economic growth in developed economies and the role of renewable energy and carbon pricing. Research findings further indicate that stronger climate policy and investment in clean energy is the necessity to decrease global emissions.The paper identifies policy issues that require strong activity in enforcing efficiency measures, fastening the shift toward krenewable sources of energy, and effective sustainable planning and waste management practices in urbanisation processes. In that respect, examination of policies like the PAT scheme and promotion of electric vehicles has shown where more aggressive implementation may be seen as necessary to ensure India's climate commitments. This elaborate decadal review finds most of its utility within the framework of policy designing for sustainable development and climate change mitigation by policymakers and stakeholders in the Indian scenario.

Energy; Greenhouse gas; Pollution; Sustainable Development

Copy the following to cite this article:

Philip A, Kuriakose N. E. Trends and Drivers of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in India: A Decadal Analysis (2010-2020). Curr World Environ 2024;19(3).

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Philip A, Kuriakose N. E. Trends and Drivers of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in India: A Decadal Analysis (2010-2020). Curr World Environ 2024;19(3).

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